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一車庫(kù)防火分區(qū)和防煙分區(qū)面積較大

A large area of fire and smoke compartments in a garage

依據(jù)GB50067―14《汽車庫(kù)修車庫(kù)停車場(chǎng)設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》每個(gè)防火分區(qū)的大允許建筑面積為2000，設(shè)置自動(dòng)滅火系統(tǒng)的地下車庫(kù)，其防火分區(qū)按4000劃分，在每個(gè)防火分區(qū)內(nèi)部一般劃分兩個(gè)防煙分區(qū)，每個(gè)面積不大于

According to GB50067-14 "Code for Fire Protection Design of Car Repair Garages and Parking lots", the maximum allowable building area for each fire compartment is 2000. For underground garages equipped with automatic fire extinguishing systems, their fire compartments are divided into 4000. Generally, two smoke prevention zones are divided inside each fire compartment, with each area not exceeding 4000

二車庫(kù)層高

Second garage floor height

為減少土建的造價(jià)，車庫(kù)層高控制應(yīng)盡量低。規(guī)范規(guī)定地下車庫(kù)凈高不得低于2.2m，因此本人覺(jué)得單層車庫(kù)梁下凈高不得小于2.8m，否則不能避讓電纜橋架消防噴淋管道等，風(fēng)管布置相當(dāng)有困難。

To reduce the cost of civil engineering, the height control of the garage should be as low as possible. According to the regulations, the net height of the underground garage should not be less than 2.2m. Therefore, I believe that the net height under the beam of a single-layer garage should not be less than 2.8m. Otherwise, cable trays, fire sprinkler pipes, etc. cannot be avoided, and the layout of air ducts is quite difficult.

三地面限制因素多

Multiple ground limiting factors

車庫(kù)風(fēng)機(jī)房的選擇，既要考慮本專業(yè)的合理性，又要兼顧排風(fēng)，豎井出地面的位置防火要求與周圍建筑保持一定距離，而且也要結(jié)合景觀不影響交通組織，另外送排風(fēng)口還必須保證有一定的距離。

The selection of the garage fan room should not only consider the rationality of the profession, but also take into account the ventilation. The fire prevention requirements for the vertical shaft above the ground should maintain a certain distance from the surrounding buildings, and it should also be combined with the landscape to not affect traffic organization. In addition, the air supply and exhaust outlets must also ensure a certain distance.

地下車庫(kù)排煙系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

Design of smoke exhaust system for underground garage

設(shè)計(jì)原則

Design principles

地下車庫(kù)每個(gè)防煙分區(qū)應(yīng)獨(dú)立設(shè)置排煙系統(tǒng)。在系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)合理的前提下，排風(fēng)排煙系統(tǒng)合用，以節(jié)約地下車庫(kù)空間。盡量采用自然補(bǔ)風(fēng)。

Each smoke control zone in the underground garage should be equipped with an independent smoke exhaust system. Under the premise of reasonable system design, the exhaust and smoke exhaust system can be used together to save underground parking space. Try to use natural ventilation as much as possible.

防煙分區(qū)

Smoke prevention zone

一般情況, 對(duì)于一二級(jí)耐火等級(jí)的建筑，該大允許面積為2000，且如果車庫(kù)內(nèi)設(shè)有自動(dòng)滅火系統(tǒng)時(shí)，面積還可增加一倍，由此帶來(lái)的一個(gè)重要結(jié)果就是防煙分區(qū)面積的大幅度增加。由于防煙分區(qū)不能跨越防火分區(qū)，所以防煙分區(qū)大建筑面積亦可達(dá)到2000，該面積的增大自然減少了車庫(kù)內(nèi)排煙系統(tǒng)的數(shù)量。例如，面積不超過(guò)2000的車庫(kù)，只設(shè)一個(gè)排煙系統(tǒng)就可以了。

In general, for buildings with a fire resistance rating of level one or two, the maximum allowable area is 2000, and if an automatic fire extinguishing system is installed in the garage, the area can be doubled. An important result of this is a significant increase in the area of smoke prevention zones. Due to the fact that smoke control zones cannot cross fire zones, the large building area of smoke control zones can also reach 2000. The increase in this area naturally reduces the number of smoke exhaust systems in the garage. For example, a garage with an area not exceeding 2000 can be equipped with only one smoke exhaust system.

排煙量

Smoke exhaust volume

按《車庫(kù)規(guī)》，此例只要設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)排煙系統(tǒng)即能滿足要求。假定車庫(kù)的計(jì)算凈高為2.8m，此時(shí)不管庫(kù)內(nèi)有無(wú)滅火系統(tǒng)，排煙量均為30000/h（注意規(guī)范規(guī)定即為風(fēng)機(jī)風(fēng)量），設(shè)計(jì)人員根據(jù)排風(fēng)量選擇合用風(fēng)機(jī)為單速或雙速。

According to the Garage Regulations, this example only requires the design of an exhaust system to meet the requirements. Assuming the calculated net height of the garage is 2.8 meters, regardless of whether there is a fire extinguishing system in the garage, the smoke exhaust volume is 30000 hours (note that the standard is the fan air volume). The designer selects the shared fan as single speed or double speed based on the exhaust air volume.

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